Russian intelligence agencies have increased the pace of cyberattacks against nations that have provided aid to Ukraine, according to new research published Wednesday by Microsoft Corp., which said it had observed Moscow-backed hacking attempts in over 40 countries. Much of the malicious cyber activity linked to the Kremlin took aim at governments that are part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization for espionage, and targets also included nongovernmental organizations, think tanks and humanitarian groups providing support to Ukrainian refugees, as well as information-technology and energy firms, Microsoft said.