The first phase of experiments with a wholesale digital euro has been completed, and Phase 2 experiments will begin this year, Banque de France governor François Villeroy de Galhau said Tuesday. Four or five new experiments are expected to be launched. New experiments will involve testing a prototype digital euro with private actors and other central banks in preparation for the 2023 implementation of the pilot regime. Villeroy de Galhau stressed the importance of interoperability between DLT and the traditional system. DLT will complement rather than replace traditional infrastructure, he said.